2 thoughts on “unsorted jewelry wholesale Who knows the history of platinum?”

  1. Emanuel

    wholesale jewelry stores in chicago From prehistoric civilization to princess and pop music protagonist, platinum, the so -called "new metal", its story is far longer than your imagination. Platinum is hidden in meteorites. The earliest records can be traced back to 2 billion years ago. At that time, a meteor hit the earth. Since then, this rare and charming treasure has appeared in the entire historical long river, and sometimes suddenly a few centuries disappeared, which is confusing, but also attracts those who meet it unexpectedly. The ancient Egyptians, the ancient Indian civilization, and the Spanish conquerors have encountered platinum. After that, it appeared again in the 18th century, making the king and the alchemist equally crazy. In the 19th and 20th centuries, platinum was more and more admired and loved by people. Today, it is already the precious metal for movie stars and upper people. Platinum's English is called Platinum.
    The alchemy alchemy
    in the 18th century, platinum began to enter Europe. Soon, it became an extremely important ingredient in the alchemy fanatic. Due to its special chemical properties, when the fearless inventors try to convert lead into gold, platinum becomes necessary ingredients in pharmaceutical agents.
    The king of metal
    1751 -When Swedish scientist Tefel West Buddha classified platinum into valuable metals, platinum became the favorite of the royal family. In the 1980s, King Louis XVI France announced that it was the only metal suitable for the king. His jewelrymith Mark Etini Keniti designed several platinum products for him, including a gorgeous sugar can bowl Essence
    The characteristics of platinum and its characteristics
    The mineral characteristics of natural platinum
    The platinum elements include the six metal elements of platinum, 钯, 铑, 钌, 铱, and 锇. In nature, they are often produced together, and they are commonly referred to as precious metal elements with gold and silver.
    In the classification of minerals, the platinum elements are naturally platinum, including the natural element minerals of 铱, 铑, 钯, and platinum. Platinum elements are equal crystal systems, and single crystals are very rare. Occasionally, small grains of cube or octopus are occasionally produced. Generally, there are irregular granular, branches, grape -shaped or block -like forms. The color and strip marks are silver -white to steel gray; metal luster, opaque. There is no solution of platinum monocular, jagged fracture, and ductility. For electricity and heat conductors.
    The natural element platinum is a rare valuable metal element in the crust. The element symbol is PT. Natural platinum mineral names are natural platinum. It is a monocular mineral of natural element platinum, and its chemical formula is PT. The proportion of natural platinum is 15.5 to 21.5; the discount rate is 56.5 to 60.0.
    [Edit this paragraph] Platinum mineral type and platinum reserves
    The type of platinum mineral n platinum ore refers to the general term of platinum -based metal minerals. It has a variety of mineral types.
    1. China's platinum mines
    In China, platinum -family metals are mainly produced in copper sulfide -nickel mining beds. Among them, it is mainly produced in Jinchuan copper sulfide -nickel mining bed. In Yunnan platinum ores, more than 20 platinum metal minerals have been found. Among them, the main: arsenic platinum ore, 碲 platinum ore, 铋碲 platinum ore, 铋碲 钯 ore, yellow cricket ore, iron platinum ore, and sulfinin ore. The main body of Yunnan Platinum ore with industrial value belongs to the type of bronze sulfide -nickel -type platinum mines in the late magma melting -nickel -type platinum mines. In 1983, the largest Jinbaoshan platinum mine in China at that time was also one of the platinum ore producing areas with industrial value.
    2. The world's platinum mines
    The platinum -clap metals are mainly produced in copper -sulfide -nickel -nickel mines related to magnesium iron -super -magnesium iron rocks (base -super -based rocks). In recent years, some new platinum -containing types have been found in the world. For example: Platinum black shale copper mines, platinum mines in various copper and gold ore veins, platinum -containing metal piming -type copper -molybdenum ore beds, platinum pyrine -type copper ore beds, platinum tinstone -vulcanization -vulcanization Protocol -containing uranium -sulfide minerals and other types.
    The most famous platinum metal mine in the world, which is the Bush Velde -shaped mixed rock body copper -nickel sulfide contains platinum mines in South Africa. Platinum metal mineralization is concentrated in the Merlins at the grassroots level. South Africa is one of the three major platinum countries in the world.
    [Edit this paragraph] Platinum reserves and yield
    The reserves in natural platinum in nature than gold. According to incomplete statistics, the total reserves of the world's platinum elements mineral resources are about 31,000 tons. Among them, the total platinum reserves are about 14,000 tons. Although more than 60 countries have discovered and mined platinum ores, their reserves are highly concentrated in South Africa and the former Soviet Union. Among them, the platinum reserves of South Africa (Azania) are about 12,000 tons. They are the most famous and the world's largest platinum mine. The platinum reserves of the former Soviet Union were 1866 tons. Natural platinum weighed 8-9 kg in Ural Sand Platinum Mine also obtained natural platinum with a weight of 427.5 grams in the native ore. The total reserves of the two account for 98%of the world's total reserves.
    The annual output of world platinum is only 85 tons, far less than gold. There are only a few countries in the world producing platinum. Platinum output in South Africa accounts for more than 80% of the global total output; most of the rest are produced by Russia. The annual output of platinum in the world is only 5%of the annual output of gold.
    The application and value of platinum
    The performance of platinum is superior and widely used. In the jewelry industry, it is mainly used for decorations and crafts. In the chemical industry, it is used to create catalysts for high -grade chemical utensils, platinum, electrodes, and accelerated chemical reactions. Platinum alloy is a material for making the tip of the tap.
    The discovery of platinum and initial application
    The people's understanding and utilization of platinum is far later than gold, which is only about 2,000 years of history. According to archeological data demonstrations, in more than 700 BC, the ancient Egyptians had been able to process platinum into a high level of platinum accessories. Indians in Central America, before Columbus discovered the New World, also prevailed in platinum accessories. However, people in other regions know nothing about platinum. Until the beginning of the 16th century, the Spanish colonial empire gradually formed, and a large number of Spanish adventurers swarmed to Africa and the Americas to explore golden treasures. At that time, when the river in Ecuador was rushed into gold, it was repeatedly found that a white metal was mixed in gold, which was actually precious platinum. However, due to the underdeveloped science and low recognition ability at that time, facing the silver -shaking platinum, the colonial ruler called it "bad silver" and abandoned it.
    In 1748, the famous Spanish scientist Anthony Luoa found a silver -white natural platinum in Pingto River Gold Mine. He conducted a careful study and found that the chemical properties of natural platinum were very stable, excellent in ductility, high melting point, extremely density, and obviously different from metal silver. As a result, Anthony became the first scholar to study platinum.
    In 1780, a clever craftsman in Paris created platinum rings, brooches and platinum necklaces for the King of Louis XVI in France. As a result, Louis XVI has become the first person in the world to have platinum jewelry. Since then, the reputation of platinum has been rejuvenated, and it has jumped on the gold jewelry and is spoiled by the relatives of the emperor, the noble official, and the wealthy Jia Shang.
    [Edit this paragraph] The application of different purity platinum
    The pure platinum hardness is small. To increase hardness, it is necessary to add a certain percentage of precious metals such as 钯, 铑, and 铱. PT950 contains 5%of 铑, 0, and 铱, and the hardness is still relatively low, which is generally used in plain platinum jewelry. PT900 contains 铑, 铱, and 铱 10%, hardness is just right for inlaid jewelry. At present, most platinum rings are made of PT900; but there are also a few manufacturers to make platinum rings with PT950.
    [Edit this paragraph] Platinum and its related issues
    platinum is one of the rare metals in the world. There are only a few places in South Africa and Russia produced platinum, and the annual output is only 5%of gold. After more than 150 tons, after more than 150 processes, it takes several months. The refined platinum can only be made into a simple rings of digital grams of weight. Such rare, no wonder it feels precious with platinum. Many famous designers call it "the King of Platinum"!
    The following is its extensive application and people often appear:
    1. Platinum's antioxidant power is strong and high, so it is also used to make a space uniforms. Platinum, as a catalyst, is widely used in the tail purification device of the car, plays an important role in protecting the environment.
    2. During World War II, platinum has very important military use because it is a good catalyst with high melting point. The U.S. government once banned platinum non -military affairs.
    3. No one's skin is allergic to platinum. Platinum can be used as electrodes for electronic pulse regulator, directly inserted into the heart of the human body, and cure patients with arrhythmia.
    4. Platinum can also be used to make waterproof watches with a diving depth of 200 meters.
    Why are platinum prices higher than gold?
    Because platinum is a rare metal than gold, the amount of platinum is only 5%of gold each year. In addition, processing platinum also requires a higher level of process.
    Why do you say that it is the safest to use platinum inlaid diamonds?
    The platinum is more tough than ordinary metals, and can be firmly embedded with diamonds. It is safe but not easy to fall off. Therefore, high -quality diamonds are safer in setting in platinum. Because of this, in the international insurance community, the insurance costs paid by platinum diamond jewelry are lower than that of other diamond jewelry. At the same time, the natural white gloss of platinum can better set off diamonds.
    Pt is a tag of platinum. PT900 represents platinum jewelry with a pure platinum content of up to 90%. The higher the price of platinum, the more expensive the price of platinum.
    The price of platinum price

    In nature, platinum reserves are scarce than gold. The annual output of world platinum is far less than gold. The global jewelry industry is only 3%of gold consumed in the world. Coupled with the high platinum melting point, pure melting platinum is more difficult than gold, and energy consumption is higher. Moreover, processing platinum requires a higher level of technology than processing gold. Therefore, platinum is a kind of precious metal that is more rare and more precious than precious metals such as gold and silver. Platinum is more expensive than gold.
    [Edit this paragraph] Platinum jewelry
    This inlaid diamonds can maintain the pure white of diamonds without causing gold like gold, which may cause diamond yellowing and reduce the value. The natural white luster of platinum can better set off the brilliantness and gorgeous diamonds. Moreover, platinum is more tough than ordinary gold. Use platinum to make necklaces and other jewelry, even if it is processed finely, it is still tough and reliable. Platinum inlaid diamonds and other gemstones are also the strongest and reliable and safest. Diamonds such as diamonds inlaid are not easy to fall off.
    super light platinum necklace has begun to become my country's trend of jewelry. A ultra -light platinum necklace with a price (1995) is 200 to 400 yuan, and the general wages can be accepted. Moreover, the platinum necklace is short without pendant, simple and elegant, and is loved by women with a multi -chain, one -season, one -chain, or one -piece one chain. Experts believe that the ultra -light platinum necklace has the characteristics of elegant and elegant and educated East and Western culture, and will soon be popular in the country.
    The platinum jewelry is mainly popular in economically developed countries and regions such as Europe, America, Japan. Among them, the Japanese prefer platinum jewelry, and its sales account for about 75%of the world's total platinum jewelry sales, so it is known as the "platinum country".
    The component elements in Chinese platinum ethnic groups are very small, and their reserves are less than 1%of the world's reserves. It can only meet the demand for a few percent. It is mainly used for industry. The production of platinum jewelry started late. At present, only a few regions manufacturers produce platinum accessories.
    , like other valuable jewelry, platinum should also be collected separately from other jewelry to avoid contact with collisions and scratches. Use jewelry cleaning utensils to clean it regularly, or send jewelry shops to ask professionals to clean.
    The platinum jewelry
    This inlaid diamonds can maintain the pure white of the diamond instead of not like gold, which may cause diamond yellowing and reduce the value. The natural white luster of platinum can better set off the brilliantness and gorgeous diamonds. Moreover, platinum is more tough than ordinary gold. Use platinum to make necklaces and other jewelry, even if it is processed finely, it is still tough and reliable. Platinum inlaid diamonds and other gemstones are also the strongest and reliable and safest. Diamonds such as diamonds inlaid are not easy to fall off.
    super light platinum necklace has begun to become my country's trend of jewelry. A ultra -light platinum necklace with a price (1995) is 200 to 400 yuan, and the general wages can be accepted. Moreover, the platinum necklace is short without pendant, simple and elegant, and is loved by women with a multi -chain, one -season, one -chain, or one -piece one chain. Experts believe that the ultra -light platinum necklace has the characteristics of elegant and elegant and educated East and Western culture, and will soon be popular in the country.
    The platinum jewelry is mainly popular in economically developed countries and regions such as Europe, America, Japan. Among them, the Japanese prefer platinum jewelry, and its sales account for about 75%of the world's total platinum jewelry sales, so it is known as the "platinum country".
    The component elements in Chinese platinum ethnic groups are very small, and their reserves are less than 1%of the world's reserves. It can only meet the demand for a few percent. It is mainly used for industry. The production of platinum jewelry started late. At present, only a few regions manufacturers produce platinum accessories.
    , like other valuable jewelry, platinum should also be collected separately from other jewelry to avoid contact with collisions and scratches. Use jewelry cleaning utensils to clean it regularly, or send jewelry shops to ask professionals to clean.
    [Edit this paragraph] The meaning of platinum jewelry label
    "PT" is the unique chemical element symbol of platinum elements, and it is also the unique component logo of platinum jewelry. Platinum cannot be on the proprietary sign of "PT". In accordance with the regulations of the State Technical Supervision Bureau, all platinum jewelry produced in China should marked the "PT" proprietary sign.
    . Generally, the platinum content of platinum jewelry is shown in a thousand components of platinum. At the same time, platinum content is also one of the basis for platinum jewelry pricing. Common platinum content marks are the following:
    Footplasses: Platinum content is not less than 990, and "foot platinum" or "PT990" marks, indicating that the platinum content in the jewelry is 99%.
    950 platinum: Platinum content is not less than 950, and the "platinum 950" or "PT950" tags indicate 95%of the platinum content in the jewelry.
    900 platinum: Platinum content is not less than 900, and the "platinum 900" or "PT900" mark indicates that the platinum in the jewelry is 90%.
    The words "PT", "Plat" or "PM" are generally engraved on foreign platinum jewelry. There are such bids a platinum jewelry.
    In the platinum jewelry produced in my country, in addition to the business name, it also has the words "platinum", "true platinum", "orthopedic platinum" and other words. If the seal on the jewelry is "S" or "Silver", it is a silver jewelry. If the accessories are marked with the words "Platinum" or "K platinum", it indicates that it is not pure platinum jewelry or a platinum jewelry at all.
    [Edit this paragraph] The recognition of platinum and its accessories
    Simple identification method

    1. Color
    Between color. The silver is shiny and white, and it is easy to be black spots or black spots or black; the texture is delicate and smooth; the hardness is lower than that of platinum.
    2. Percent
    The proportion of platinum is large, 15-19 or 21.4. The proportion of silver is 10.49. Tripping with platinum and silver jewelry of the same size, they will find their differences.
    . Fire burns
    In pure platinum heating or cooling down, the color remains unchanged. After the silver fire is burned, its surface will appear red or black and red.
    4. Bending
    Pure platinum is easy to bend and straightly restore; the color is low, hard and crispy, and bending labor.
    5. Listening
    When knocking out, if a "Tobto" sound is made without rhyme, it is a more pure platinum; It is a low -colored platinum.
    6. Mercury trial
    It use the nature of platinum and does not absorb mercury to apply mercury on the test gold stone grinding road. If the containment is a gold, silver, silver and platinum -made K platinum.
    7. Test of nitrate salt plus
    The platinum jewelry to be identified on the test gold stone, cover a layer of salt on the grinding road, do not need to be strict; then, dripping the nitrate on the salt, so as to be soaked until the wet is soaked. ; Then add some hot paper tobacco to the salt to play a catalytic effect. After 20 minutes, rinse salt and nitric acid with water. After drying, look at the side. If there is no change, it will have a color of about 99%; if there is a slightly acidic trace, it will have a color of about 95%; if the nitric acid traces are large, it will be about 80-90%; When the layer becomes gray, it has a color of about 70%; if all the residues disappear, it is a fake platinum.
    8. The gas lamp self -appraisal
    The platinum jewelry to be identified is placed on the mouth of the gas lamp. If it is true platinum, one or two minutes will become red, and the gas lamp will automatically lit. If the jewelry is not platinum, there is no such response.
    9. The hydrogen peroxide reaction method
    platinum is a good catalyst and has a unique catalytic effect. Using this feature, you can quickly identify platinum. Common hydrogen peroxide reaction method. The specific method is: take a little measuring powder and place it in a plastic bottle in the bilingual hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). If the platinum is tied, the hydrogen peroxide will immediately roll with the white waves and decompose a large amount of oxygen. Recycling (it only plays a accelerated decomposition); if it is fake platinum or other white metals, such as lead, silver, aluminum, etc., there is no such response.
    10. Other
    can also ask the geological department to perform electronic probe tests.
    [Edit this paragraph] The distinction between platinum and similar metals
    Brenes with silver white color and strip marks, hardness 4 to 4.5, proportion of 15-19 or 21.4, stable chemical properties, insoluble in ordinary acid categories For appraisal characteristics, it is easy to distinguish between similar metals.
    1. The distinction between platinum and silver
    The silver jewelry is very popular in the market and has always been a favorite jewelry for women. Because platinum is more similar to silver, it is necessary to distinguish.
    The silver and silver distinguishes the degree of stability of hardness, proper gravity, and stability of chemical properties. Generally, the following simple methods are used to distinguish.
    ⑴ Comparison, hardness
    The platinum is silver white or gray -white; the texture is harder, and Moh's hardness is 4 to 4.5. The color of the silver is white; the texture is smooth and delicate, and the hardness of the Mo's hardness is 2.5 to 2.7, which is softer than platinum. It can leave traces with nails; no elastic, foil is easy to bend with hands, and it is difficult to recover.
    ⑵, test proportion
    The density of platinum is high and the proportion is large. Although the silver is silver -white, the relative density is 10.53g/cm3, the gravity is 10 to 11, and only 1/2 of platinum. The same volume of silver is half lighter than platinum. Generally, with your hands, you can roughly distinguish platinum and silver.
    n n r
    The silver chemical properties are unstable, soluble in nitric acid, and release nitric oxide gases. Platinum is insoluble in nitric acid, and it can be dissolved quickly in the heated king water. At normal temperature, its dissolution speed is extremely slow. Generally, it is difficult to detect the naked eye. Put the platinum debris on the test gold stones and drop a little mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. If the debris still exists, it is platinum; if the debris disappears, it is silver.
    2. The distinction between metal lead and aluminum
    Platin and metal lead and aluminum are distinguished by different deformation characteristics and the proportion of the proportion. Metal lead and aluminum have no elasticity and cannot be restored after deformation; and the proportion is far smaller than platinum, the proportion of lead is 11.36, and the proportion of aluminum is 2.7, which is about 1/2 and 1/8 of platinum. Can be distinguished.
    3. The difference between platinum and platinum
    platinum is an element, and platinum is a mixture. Platinum: Platinum (PT), which is more stable than gold, and the price is more expensive than gold. It is used to make high -end jewelry. The "PT900" or "PT950" seen on the products of jewelry stores represents the content of platinum in the jewelry of 90 % and 95 %, respectively.
    The common name of platinum is platinum, platinum is pure white, and the natural platinum reserves are scarce than gold, so the price is more expensive than gold. Platinum can keep white diamonds maintaining the original color and firmness. It is the best material inlaid with diamonds. It is a superstar for diamonds to make platinums as precious metals. Most of the inlaid inlaid in my country is PT950 and PT900, and PT900 is the most commonly used.
    The regulations on the content of platinum jewelry in the "Pureth of Jewelry and Precious Metals and Metals", the total content of platinum and pupae must not be less than 950%0. Platinum jewelry is crowned with platinum or PT with a purity of thousands. Example: 990, PT990 or Foot Platinum.
    This platinum is relatively soft. If you want to inlay diamonds, you must form alloys. Even if 5%of the alloy is added, PT can harden the PT and meet the processing requirements. Some of the alloy components that are added must be platinum metal.
    The purity allowed by Japan to be 1000.950.900.850, and can have a small (0.5%) negative difference. The purity is 850PT for chain, and the PT900 is the most commonly used purity. Since Japan is the most important export market in Hong Kong, Hong Kong uses Japanese standards.
    If the United States stipulates that purity is called PT, at least 50%of platinum must be contained, and a total of 95%of platinum metals. Platinum content, which is higher than 95%, can be put on PT mark. Jewelry with platinum content between 75%-95%must also be marked with platinum metal. Jewelry with platinum content between 50%-75%must be put on the name and content of the platinum metal metal. Such as 585 platinum 365 (). Only the United States allows "K platinum" alloy.
    The proportion of platinum alloy: PT950 --- 20.64 PT900 --- 19.88 PT850 --- 19.18
    The difference between K platinum and platinum. Strictly speaking, K platinum cannot be equivalent to platinum. Platinum is a precious metal that is naturally white itself. At present, it is the highest price among all the precious metals. The commercially available platinum jewelry has a "PT" logo. This is the English abbreviation of platinum. K platinum is a white alloy made of gold and other metals. The so -called 18K platinum is actually synthesized by 75 % gold and 25 % of other metals. Therefore, K platinum cannot be put on the "PT" logo, and it can only be marked with gold and purity according to its purity. For example: 18K Platinum can only play marks such as "18K" and "G750". So, how to simply identify the two? First of all, buying these valuable jewelry must be reliable to buy from a large shopping mall. The most important thing is to see the label and see if the jewelry is "K" or the "PT" logo.
    time when buying platinum jewelry, the operator should ask the operator to issue an invoice. Write whether it is platinum or white 18K gold in the invoice. It is best to indicate the weight of the jewelry, so that it is easier to claim when the fraud occurs.

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